Stress concentration analysis of plate with circular hole : elasticity theory and finite element comparison

Stress concentration factor for a plate with circular free stress hole subjected to a uniform far field tension in single was investigated in this study. The stress concentration level along X and Y axis was determined by the elasticity theoritical method. Finite element analysis using LISA free source software was validate by the elasticity theoritical results. It was found that finite element analysis stress concentration factor results shows similar pattern as theoretical but higher near of the hole. Plain strain analysis with Quad 8 element type showed better results compared to plain stress with Quad 4 element type and plain strain with Quad 4 element type

Soda anthraquinone pulping of oil palm male flower spikes

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of beating process to the characteristics of pulp and paper produced from oil palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS). OPMFS pulp was prepared according to chemical Soda-AQ pulping process. 60 gsm papersheet of oil palm male flower spiked were prepared from unbeaten and unbleached OPMFS Soda-AQ pulp. All optical, physical and mechanical characteristics were investigated according to TAPPI and MS ISO standards. OPMFS pulp recorded value of 6.42 s, 353 ml, 76.5 %, 36.7 % and 9.35 for drainage time, freeness, moisture content, screened yield percentage and Kappa number respectively..

Effect of beating process to soda anthraquinone pulp of oil palm male flower spikes fibre

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of beating process to the characteristics of pulp and paper produced from oil palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS). OPMFS pulp was prepared according to chemical Soda-AQ pulping process. 60 gsm handsheet of oil palm male flower spikes paper were prepared from OPMFS pulp with four different beating times which are O revolution, 1000 revolutions, 2000 revolutions and 3000 revolutions. All physical and mechanical characteristics were investigated according to T APPi and MS ISO standards. The results show that overall physical and mechanical characteristics of POMPS paper were influenced and enhanced by beating process between O until 3000 revolutions. This research demonstrate some potential characteristics of palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS) paper to be investigated as a newly explored non-wood based raw material for papermaking raw material for papermaking

Durian rind soda-anthraquinone pulp and paper: effects of elemental chlorine-free bleaching and beating

A study was conducted to investigate the preliminary characteristics of soda-anthraquinone (soda-AQ) durian rind waste pulp and paper with the effects of elemental chlorine-free (ECF) bleaching and beating revolutions. Pulping was carried out using rotary digester with 0.1% antraquinone, 20% active alkali (NaOH), cooking time of 120 min and temperature of 170 °C. ECF bleaching with chlorine dioxide – alkali extraction – chlorine dioxide – alkali extraction – peroxide sequence and beating in the range of 0 to 1000 revolutions were applied to the unbeaten and unbleached pulp. ECF bleached pulp produced soda-AQ durian rind paper with greater tensile index, burst index, tear index, number of folds, brightness and scattering coefficients, but with slightly lower opacity compared with paper made from unbleached pulp. The results also showed that beating revolutions improved the overall physical and mechanical characteristics of durian rind soda-AQ pulp. Bleaching and beating enhanced the durian rind soda-AQ pulp fiber-to-fiber bonding and strength. Durian rind has potential characteristics as promising new material for papermaking